FURNACES FOR MELTING DIFFERENT MATERIALS

A furnace is a device used for high-temperature heating. The name derives from Greek word fornax, which means oven.

In American English and Canadian English usage, the term furnace on its own refers to the household heating systems based on a central furnace (known either as a boiler, or a heater in British English), and sometimes as a synonym for kiln, a device used in the production of ceramics. In British English, a furnace is anindustrial furnace used for many things, such as the extraction of metal from ore(smelting) or in oil refineries and other chemical plants, for example as the heat source for fractional distillation columns.

The term furnace can also refer to a direct fired heater, used in boiler applications in chemical industries or for providing heat to chemical reactions for processes like cracking, and is part of the standard English names for many metallurgical furnaces worldwide.

The heat energy to fuel a furnace may be supplied directly by fuel combustion, by electricity such as the electric arc furnace, or through induction heating in induction furnaces. Copied from Wikipedia.

1. Grey Cast Iron

(a) Cupola

(b) Air furnace (or Reverberatory Furnace)

(c) Rotary furnace

(d) Electric arc furnace

2. Steel

(a) Electric furnaces

(b) Open hearth furnace

3. Non-ferrous Metals

(a) Reverberatory furnaces (fuel fired) (Al, Cu)

(i) Stationary

(ii) Tilting

(b) Rotary furnaces

(i) Fuel fired

(ii) Electrically heated

(c) Induction furnaces (Cu, Al)

(i) Low frequency

(ii) High frequency.

(d) Electric Arc furnaces (Cu)

(e) Crucible furnaces (AI, Cu)

(i) Pit type

(ii) Tilting type

(iii) Non-tilting or bale-out type

(iv) Electric resistance type (Cu)

(f) Pot furnaces (fuel fired) (Mg and AI)

(i) Stationary

(ii) Tilting

Reference Introduction to basic Manufacturing Processes and Workshop Technology by Rajender Singh.

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